Diabetes mellitus is the 21st century chaos.This pancreatic endocrine disease, causing damage to all organs.Most of all the kidneys, eyes, heart and blood vessels suffer.Type of diabetes - insulin - dependent and insulinthrous.The first species is more likely to suffer from children and young people under the age of 30, being sent by gene by heritage.In this case, one cannot reach the desired standard of living without the continued introduction of insulin.The insulin pump is best overcome with this task.Type 2 diabetes is found in middle and old people with weight gain.
In this article, we will consider the difference between type 1 and 2nd diabetes.
Features -Features of Diabetes Type 1
The main mechanism of development of the disease is insulin deficiency.This is a pancreatic peptide hormone, which is produced by the special beta cells of the island -Langanes.Its main function is to ensure glucose enters the cell.Glucose is the main energy, without it, life is impossible.In the first type of diabetes, the sugar circulates in the blood, but cannot enter the cell.Therefore, the diagnosis of the disease is simple, based on the determination of glucose in the blood.By increasing the level, you can make the appropriate diagnosis.Because the patient's need is always therapy, these diabetes are called insulin-dependent.
The cause of the destruction of cells that produces insulin is not well studied.The most common autoimmune mechanism is found when their own immune cells attack the pancreas.Throughout life, all cells will be destroyed.One of the methods of treatment is replacement therapy with insulin.
The type of diabetes is easy to distinguish from each other.
Type 1 disease is inherited.Therefore, he began to show himself at an early age.Most patients are detected for up to 30 years.Debut the disease significantly, serious symptoms develop in a short time.The cases are rare when the first type of diabetes shows itself in a coma>.
Symptoms of other features include:
- unbearable thirst;
- increased appetite;
- dry mouth;
- Increased urination, including at night;
- weight loss;
- skin itching;
- the weaknesses spoken;
- sweating;
- Vision Vision.
Features -Features of Diabetes Type 2
It occurs with the intake of glucose that is always high in the body.In the majority of cases develop in patients with obesity.The mechanism of the disease is different, the body's cells either do not see glucose or do not see insulin.This is due to the violation of metabolism that occurs during obesity.
For a long time the disease did not appear.Then, the patient has symptoms -for a long time instead of wounds and wounds, dry mouth, visual disorders, long thrush.
Type 2 diabetes is dangerous with severe complications:
- Visual violation until blind;
- reduction in kidney function;
- development of trophic ulcer;
- damage to the heart muscle;
- Frequent and persistent infections.
The target organ spectrum is broad because excess glucose affects the blood vessels.That is, all organs and tissues are affected by various stages.
Diagnosis of the disease is common for diabetes 1 and 2 types.
We study the differences between the types of diabetes 1 and the 2nd.What is the similarity of the disease?
Despite the type of diabetes, the diagnosis is the same.The main test is the determination of glucose in the blood.Usually, these indicators do not exceed 5.5 mmol/l.Diabetes mellitus is diagnosed when glucose levels exceed 6.1 mmol/l.Middle yields are not considered a disease.Increased sugar sometimes with colds, injuries, stress situations, non -compliance with patients with rules for testing, taking some medication.In such cases, it is worth repeating the analysis after a few weeks.
In addition to determining blood glucose, other diagnostic methods are also used:
- Glycated hemoglobin determination;
- determination of glucose and acetone in urine;
- Determination of C-Peptides.
In scientific centers, to distinguish the type of diabetes between them, in controversial cases using the introduction of genes responsible for the development of hereditary diabetes.
The difference between the type of diabetes 1 and to -2
The beginning of diabetes
The type of diabetes is different at the onset of the disease.Designed diabetes develops suddenly, in young and thin people, it runs a lot, requiring emergency help.
Type 2 diabetes develops slowly, in the elderly with excess weight, does not require immediate intervention.
Insulin acceptance
It is necessary to treat type 1 and 2 diabetes. The differences in their treatment are huge.
Treatment of insulin type -suspended is mandatory.How long will the patient live without complications will live on the properly selected insulin therapy.Patients should study at a special school in diabetes to study their illness, studying fully.
The approach to diabetes therapy obtained is completely different.Only with prolonged type 2 diabetes, after using the entire tablet weapon, diabetics is prescribed insulin.
In the modern world, diabetes is not punished, patients living in old age, can give birth to children.The spectrum of professions where diabetes can master is very broad.
With the first diagnosis of type 1 diabetes, the patient was hospitalized for the selection of insulin doses.After leaving, diabetes itself controls its diet, glycemia levels and insulin injection.You should not be limited to food.The dose of the drug should be in accordance with the amount of glucose in the food.There is a bread unit to measure it.This is a measurement of sugar content in a variety of foods.In accordance with the number of bread units, the patient must inject the equivalent dose of insulin to prevent coma.
Vivid
With the first type of diabetes, the main emphasis is on proper nutrition.Patients are prohibited from eating sweet, flour, sweet fruits, juices, some cereals.If blood sugar is not achieved by changing the diet, sugar -prescribed medications are prescribed.
The identification of congenital diabetes involves cardinal changes in lifestyle.Now patients are bound by important doses of insulin.The rejection of treatment means death.
Prevention
In addition to treatment, the differences in two types of diabetes are the possibility of prevention.It is impossible to prevent the first type of diabetes.But type 2 diabetes is not only possible, but also necessary.Obesity, lack of motor activity, sweet abuse leads to the disease.